Wringer



July 3, 1956 W. L. KAUFFMAN ll WRINGER Filed Aug. 27, 1945 6 Sheets-Shree?I l i III i t J L L f\ N GD l - "El H a l aw t 1-ym w n lq Q n m v l Q Dx n m l o0 o s4 lNvENToR.

l July 3, 1956 w. L. KAUFFMAN u 2,752,771

WRINGER Filed Aug. 27, 1945 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

BY Mld/iwf July 3, 1956 w. L.. KAUFFMAN u 2,752,77l

WRINGER 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 27, 1945 July 3, 1956 w. L. KAUFFMAN n 2,752,771

WRINGER Filed Aug. 27, 1945 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 /aw-V 1 INVENTOR.

`l'uly 3, 1956 w. L. KAuFr-MAN n WRINGER 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 27, 1945 July 3, 1956 w. L. KAUFFMAN n WRINGER 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Aug. 27, 1945 w f 4 f /7 A 1ii1, w a-: f 5 m 3 w U 7 m/ ,w HHH/w ...I H /V .NN` 0 J. M 7 M u l l. 0 a Irl. 3

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INVENTOR.

United States atent WRINGER Walter L. Kauffman Il, Erie, Pa., assignor to Lovell Manun facturing Company, Erie, Pa., a corporation of Penn Sylvania Application August 27, 1945, Serial No. 612,969 Claims. (Cl. 68-255) In wringers having an instinctive safety release actuated by the instinctive reaction of the operator, the release has been actuated by movement of the wringer relative to the wringer post. While the necessary movement required to operate the safety release is not large, it is in addition to the movement permitted by lost motion between the wringer and its support and the cumulative effect produces an objectionable impression. This invention is intended to increase the rigidity of the wringer and its support so as to keep the objectionable movement of the wringer to a minimum. Among other features it involves improvements in the index, in the swinging support of the wringer, and in the wringer frame. While these features are of particular advantage in instinctive release wringers, they are usuable in other types of wringers.

Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a wringer. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the wringer head. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an end view of the wringer head partly broken away. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are detail views of a part controlling the reversing mechanism. Figs. 9 and 10 are views of the wringer index inthe locked and unlocked positions. Fig. 11 is a sectional side elevation of a modication of the wringer index. Figs. 12 and 12a are bottom plan views of the index locking plate. Fig. 13 is an end view of the index and the interlock cam. Fig. 14 is a sectional side elevation of another modication of the index. Fig. 15 is a sectional view on line 15-15 of Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is an end view of the index locking member. Fig. 17 is a fragmentary view showing the manner of supporting the bottom frame member in a conventional, as distinguished from an instinctive release, wringer. Fig. 18 is a sectional side elevation of another modication of the wringer index. Fig. 19 is a section on line 19-19 of Fig. 18. Figs. 20 and 2l are sections on line Ztl-20 and 21- 21 of Fig. 18. Fig. 22 is a fragmentary view of a manual operated index otherwise identical with Fig. 18.

In the drawing, 1 and 2 indicate upper and lower rolls carried in bearing blocks 3, in bearing guides 4 at each end of the rollers. Beneath the lower roll is a water collector 5 welded at each end to the bearing guides and providing seats for the lower roll bearings. The roll pressure is applied to the upper roll bearings through a leaf spring 6 connected at its center to a pressure adjustment 7 on a top frame 8. The top frame is releasably held in the pressure applied position by a toggle comprising a channel-shaped link 9 pivoted at 10 on the top frame and enclosing toggle link 11 pivoted at 12 on the link 9 and at 13 on the bearing guide. The pivots 10, 12 and 13 are arranged so that the toggle is unstable in the pressure applied position, so that upon releasing a latch 14 as diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 1, the toggle links swing, under the roll pressure, about the pivots 10 and 13 to release the roll pressure. The latch may be released by any of the usual devices, the most common being trip bars (not shown) extending in front of the upper wringer roll so as to be readily accessible. The rolls are driven by reversing mechanism contained within a wringer head 16 having a depending tubular portion 17 pivoted on a wringer post 18. At the lower end of the tubular portion 17 is a ilange 19 which rests on an index collar 20. To prevent movement between the wringer head and wringer post due to the necessary clearance so that the wringer may be easily lifted off the wringer post, the tubular portion 17 is journaled on the wringer post by upper and lower bearings 21 and 22, each of which extend half way around the wringer post. If the wringer head is die-cast, these bearings may be integral with the die-cast ing. With this bearing arrangement, the Weight of the wringer tends to move the bearings into tight engagement with the wringer post so that the wringer will be firmly held even though the bearing diameter is substantially larger than the diameter of the wringer post. Byl lifting the outer end of the wringer (the end remote from the wringer head) as would be customary when the wringer was to be lifted from the wringer post, the bearings are moved away from the wringer post, providing ample clearance to permit ready removal of the wringer. In effeet, this bearing construction provides a tight fit when the wringer is in operative position and a loose fit when the wringer is being removed.

The wringer reversing mechanism comprises gears 23 and 24 continuously meshing with a gear 2S fixed on a shaft 26 connected through a coupling 27 to the lower roll. The gear 2S has an extended hub 28 journalled in a bearing 29 in the wringer head. The gears 23 and 24 are loose on a shaft 30 having a T-slot 31 at its lower end, and is adapted to be connected with the wringer drive shaft (not shown) extending up through the wringer post. The wringer drive is controlled by a clutch 32 slidably eyed to the shaft 30, and having tapered notches 33 and 34 engageable with tapered teeth 35 and 36 on the gears 23 and 24. The taper on the teeth and notches is such that the driving torque tends to cam the clutch member to the neutral position shown. The clutch is controlled by a shift member 37 having projecting flanges 38, one of which, upon movement of the clutch shifter from the neutral position, engages and compresses a centering spring 39 trapped between projections 40 (Fig. 2) on the wringer head. In either driving position the spring 39 tends to move the clutch shifter to the neutral position. The clutch is moved to the driving position by a handle 41 xed to a shaft 42 journalled in the wringer head. On the inner end of the shaft is keyed a plate 43 having a pin 44 loosely projecting through a hole 45 in the clutch shifter 37. As indicated in Fig. 7, the pin 44 is offset from the center of the shaft 42 so that on turning the shaft in either direction, the clutch shifter is moved up or down from the position shown. At the outer part of the plate 43 is an arcuate flange 45a having a cam face 46 engaging one arm of a bell-crank lever 47. The cam face has a central notch 48 and projections 49 on each side of the notch. The bell-crank lever has a latch projection 50 which is biased by a spring 51 toward the clutch shifter 37. In the neutral position, the depth of the notch 48 is such that the latching projection Si) is just short of the clutch shifter. Upon turning the handle 41 to either side of the neutral position, the latch 50 is first cammed away from the clutch shifter by the projections 49, and is then moved by the spring 51 into engagement with the clutch shifter. Upon downward movement of the clutch shifter, the latching projection 50 tits over the upper end 52 of the clutch shifter. Upon upward movement of the clutch shifter, the latching projection 50 ts into the opening 53. Upon manual return of the clutch from either driving position, the initial movement of the handle 41 cams the latch 50 clear of the clutch shifter and thereafter the clutch is returned to the neutral position under the combined action of the centering spring 39 and torque from the inclined driving faces of the clutch.

When the clutch 32 is in neutral, the wringer is yieldably held in one of .the four operating .positions by a bushing 54 slidably .carried in a hole 55 in the ange 19. The bushing has a tapered lower end 56 which, as shown in Fig. 2, tits into a chamfer 57 at the top of holes 58 in the index collar Ztl. While the clutch is in the neutral position, the Wringer may be swung about the wringer post and the bushing 56 will be cammed out of the charnfer S7 and will thereafter ride on the upper surface of the collar 2l? as indicated in Fig. l0, until the next indexed position of the wringer is reached. At this position the bushing 54 is depressed into yieldable engagement with the chamter by a trapped spring 59 arranged between the upper end of the bushing and a projection 6%. The pressure exerted by the spring 59 is sutliciently strong to center the wringer in the indexed positions but is not so great as to make movement of the Wringer from one indexed position to another too di'licult. ln the Fig. l0 position, the spring 59 tends to lift the wringer. This may he prevented by a sleeve 60a fastened to the ilange 19 by screws 69h and having an inturned flange title beneath the wringer index collar 2i?. When the clutch 32 is in either driving position, a cam 61 on the shaft d2 cams a pin 62 down through the bushing 54 and into the index locking hole 58 as indicated in Fig. 9. The pin 62 is biased out of the locking hole 58 by spring 63 trapped between the upper side of the projection 60 and a washer 64 on the pin 62. The upper end of the pin 62 is guided in a projection 65 and a slot 66 receiving guide pins 67 on the index pin 62. The lower end of the spring 63 engages a washer 69 iixed to the pin so that upon upward movement of the index pin 62 while the wringer is moving between the indexed positions, the spring 63 is cornpressed and tends to move the index pin downward. A common way of fixing the washer 69 to the pin so the pin is free to slide down through the washer, as shown in Fig. 9, but the washer moves up with the pin as shown in Fig. l0, is to locate the Washer on a reduced section 69a of the pin. As shown in Fig. l0, when the wringer is between the indexed positions, the upper end of the index pin 62 fits in a notch 70 in the earn 61 and positively locks the shaft 42 in the neutral position. The index is therefore interlocked so that the wringer cannot be moved from an indexed position until the clutch is returned to neutral and the clutch cannot be moved from the neutral to a driving position until the wringer is in one of the indexed positions. Another advantage of the index arrangement shown is that thetapered end of the bushing 54 tends to hold thevwringer centered in the indexed position. This eliminates some of the pivotal movement of the wringer about the wringer post which would be present if only the index pin 62 Were used.

The wringer frame at the wringer head end has a top wall 72 provided with a hole 73 for receiving a pivot screw 74 threaded into a boss 75 of the wringer head.

Directly below the pivot pin '74 is a pivot pin 86 extending through a bracket S7 at the lower end of the roll bearing guide, and threaded into a boss 88 on the wringer frame head. The pivot pins '74 and 86 pivot the wringer for movement about the wringer post with respect to the indexed position so that the instinctive reaction of the operator causes a slight movement of the Wringer. This movement is used to operate a safety release, stopping theV rolls and thereby preventing injury of the operator. The safety release comprises bell-cranks 89pivoted at 90 on the outer end of the wringer head and having upper arms 91 biased by a spring 92 against flanges 93 struck out of the top wall 72 of the bottom frame. Upon pivotal movement of the wringer frame in either direction about the pivot pins 74 and 8.6, one or the other of the bellcranks S9 is moved in a direction to raise its lower arm 94 and lift the latch 50 away from the clutch shifter 37. Upon release of the latch 50, the clutch is returned to neutral by the spring and torque actuated release described above. Since the driving torque is used to effect the release, the load on the wringer rolls, which may be substantial when the rolls are jammed, assists the release.

The torque required to actuate the instinctive safety release may be applied by pushing or pulling on any accessible part of the wringer in the region of the bite of the rolls. As shown in Fig. 2, the ends of the anges 93 may be utilized as part of a hinge structure to support the head end of the top frame 8. The hinge comprises members 9S welded to the under side of the top frame and a hinge pin S6 passing through the hinge members 95 and the flanges 93.

Upon operation of the safety relesae, the clutch is returned to neutral and the wringer is yieldably held in the indexed position by the bushing 54 which engages one of the chamfers 57 in one of the index locking holes 53. When the operator wishes to move the wringer from one index position to another, it is not necessary that the clutch control handle 41 be manually returned to the neutral position. The operator merely pushes on the wringer drain board in the direction to move toward the new index position. The initial pressure trips the latch 5t) and causes the clutch 32 to be automatically returned to neutral, and the continued pressure on the drain board overcomes the retaining force tending to hold the wringer in the previous index position. Upon reaching the new indexed position, the bushing 54 snaps into the new index locking position under the pressure of the spring 59, and the wringer is yieldably held in this position. Until the wringer reaches this position, it is not possible to move the clutch to the driving position. Because of the ease of operation, it is believed that the operator will become accustomed to using the instinctive release for shitting from one index position to another, and that therefore under panic conditions, the operators will be more likely to be protected by the instinctive release.

ln Figs. l l, l2, and 13 is shown another form of index in which the wringcr is yieldably held in the index position when the clutch is in neutral and is positively locked in the index position when the clutch is in either engaged position. Corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference numerals or by the same reference numerals with a prime or primes. ln this construction, the index collar 97 on the wringer post is provided with radial notches 98 having tapered mouths 99 cooperating with a tapered projection 14B() at the lower end of a locking plate lili. The plate is siidalvly carried between ears 162 at the upper end and ears 103 at the lower end. The upper end. of the plate is provided with an elongated slot 164 receiving a pin M25 extending through the cars 102. The lower end of the plate is provided with a cani slot 196 receiving a pin it?? extending through the ears 103. A spring 108 urges the plate inward toward the notches 93 and a spring 169 urges the plate upward so that the upper end of the plate is normally in Contact with a cam 11d fixed to the shaft 42. In the neutral position ofthe clutch 32 the tapered end 190 of the lockingY plate is yieldably held in one oi" the notches 98, as shown in Figs. ll and 12. The force exerted by the spring 198 is such that the wringer can be conveniently moved out ofy an index position and upon reaching the succeeding index position, the locking plate will move into the corresponding notch. This outward movement of the lower end-of the locking plate is permitted by the inclined leg 111 of the cam slot 186. When the wringer is between the index` positions, the pin 167 will be toward the-upper end'V ofthe leg 111 of the cam slot, and the plate 1&1 cooperates with the earn to lock the shaft 42. in the neutral posi-- When the wringer is in one of the index positions', rotation of the shaft 42 cams the; plate 101A downward.'-

tion.

5 and the pin 107 is received in the leg 112 of the cam slot 106. In this position the tapered portion 100 is below the collar 97, and the at portion of the locking plate is moved into the bottom of the slot 98, as shown in Fig. 12a, thus positively locking the wringer against movement from the index position.

In Figs. 14, 15, and 16 is shown another modication of the index for substitution in the wringer head shown in Fig. 2. Corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference numerals or by the same reference numerals with a prime or primes. In this construction, an index collar 113 fixed on the wringer post is provided with V-shaped notches 114 at the desired index positions. On the wringer head is a leaf spring 115 carrying at its lower end a pin 116 which is biased by the initial tension in the leaf spring into the notches 114. The pin 116 extends through an opening 117 in a projection 118 at the lower end of the tubular portion 17" of the wringer head. In the neutral position of the gears shown in Fig. 14, the length of the opening 117 is suiicient to permit the pin 116 to move clear of the index notch while the wringer is being moved between index positions. In the driving position, the wringer is locked in the desired indexed position by a slide 119 having elongated slots 120 receiving guide screws 121. A spring 122 holds the upper end of the slide against a cam 123 on the clutch control shaft 42. At the lower end of the slide is a channel shaped cam 124 having a vertical face 125 engaging the pin 116, and an inclined face 126 engaging an inclined face 127 in the opening 117. As the clutch control shaft 42 is turned to either driving position, projections 128 on the cam 123 force the slide 119 downward and wedge the cam member 124 into the opening 117 positively holding the pin 116 in the index slot 114. When the wringer is between the index positions, a hat surface 129 at the upper end of the pin 116 is directly beneath a at surface 130 on the cam member 124, and prevents downward movement of the slide 119. This effectively prevents movement of the gears to the driving position, except when the wringer is in one of the index positions.

In Fig. 17 is shown the manner of mounting the lower frame member on the wringer head in a conventional, as distinguished from an instinctive release, wringer. In addition to the pivot screws 74 and 86 used for the instinctive release wringer, a third screw 131 is threaded through a hole 132 into a boss 133 on the top of the wringer head 16. This provides a three-point support rigidly securing the wringer to the wringer head.

In Figs. 18 to 22 is shown another modification of the wringer index for use with the previously described wringer head. In this construction the tubular portion 17 of the wringer head sWivelled on the wringer post 18 is provided with bearings in the form of upper and lower sets of rolls 134 and 135 journalled on shafts 136 and 137 fixed in bosses 138 and 139. The rolls have tapered portions 140 which engage the wringer post. The rolls are positioned in the same manner as the half bearings 21 and 22 so that the weight of the wringer holds the tapered ends of the rolls in tight engagement with the wringer post. At the lower end of the tubular portion 17 is a circular ilange 141 having on its under side conical projections 142 which, in the index position, tit in conical depressions 143 in an index collar 144 fixed to the wringer post. The projections 142 are on opposite sides of the wringer post in each index position and in conjunction with the upper rolls 134, provide a three-point support locating the wringer with respect to the wringer post.

In the neutral position ofthe clutch 32, the wringer can be easily pivoted about the wringer post to a different index position. The taper of theprojections 142 and depressions 143 is insuicient to make the swingingofthe wringer difficult. While in between index positions, the lower ends of the projections 142 ride on the upper sur face of the index collar and the wringer is therefore slightly raised above the index collar. Upon reaching succeeding index position, the wringer drops by gravity and there is substantially no tendency for the wringer to stick or bind on the wringer post due to the small amount of friction offered by the guide rolls 134, 135.

In order that the wringer may be positively locked in the index position when the clutch is in either driving position, a locking member 145 is pivoted on a pin 146 between ears 147 at the upper end of the tubular portion 17 The upper end of the locking member cooperates with a face cam 148 on the clutch control shaft 42. In each driving position the upper end of the locking member 145 is cammed outward and the lower end 149 is moved under the index collar 144. In this position the tapered face 150 engages and securely holds the wringer in the index position. Upon return of the clutch control shaft 42 to the neutral position, a spring 151 moves the locking member from beneath the index collar. The taper of the face 150 is such that the face does not bind. When the wringer is between the index positions, the blunt end 152 of the locking member is opposite the edge 153 of the index collar, preventing movement of the clutch control shaft to either driving position. As in the previously described index mechanisms, the wringer can be moved out of the index position only when the clutch is in the neutral position and the clutch can be moved to the driving position only when the wringer is in one of the index positions. This index mechanism has the advantage of eliminating lost motion due to the fact that the locating of the wringer in the index position is effected by tapered surfaces.

When the clutch control handle 4l is moved from'one of the driving positions, there may be some jar transmitted to the handle as the clutch shifter 37 is moved to the neutral position by the centering spring and the torque between the inclined clutch surfaces 34 and 35. If the clutch shifter member 37 reaches the neutral position before the handle 41, the clutch shifter member may strike the pin 44. In the present construction this is eliminated by a lost motion connection between the handle 41 and the clutch control shaft 42 which comprises a shoulder screw 154 seated in an elongated recess 155 in the shaft 42. Upon moving the handle 41 from the neutral position toward one of the driving positions, the initial movement of the handle takes up the lost motion between the screw 154 and the recess 155 and thereafter the continued movement of the handle turns the shaft. Upon release, the handle drops to a position between the driving and neutral positions. Upon movement of the handle to neutral position, the shaft 42 turns with the handle, since the lost motion has been taken up. The initial movement of the handle accordingly trips the latch 47, releasing the clutch shifter member so that it returns to neutral. The length of the recess 155 is such that the impact of the clutch shifter 37 on the pin 44 cannot be transmitted to the handle.

In Fig. 22 the locking member 145 ,is arranged for manual operation by a push button 156 connected to its upper end. The locking member is normally biased t0 the locking position by a compression spring 157. Upon pushing inward on the push button, the index is released to permit movement to a succeeding position. In other respects the construction and operation are the same.

What I claim as new is:

l. In a swinging wringer, wringer and wringer post, the chamfered holes therein, a having a charnfered end receivable in said holes, and an index pinslidable through lock the wringer in indexed position.

wringer post flange having 2. Ina swinging wringer having a head and frame,... a support for the wringer head, said support having indexing openings and said wringer head having indexing means adapted to be received in any selected one of said openings, said indexing means having a surface structure cooperating anges on the.

bushing in the wringer flange the bushing into said holes toI at one end constituting a part of cam-like formation adapted to coact with parts of the surfaces of said openings to facilitate retaining or releasing the indexing means from said openings, and said indexing means when received in any selected opening coacting therewith to provide a yielding index and oifcring sufcient restraint to hold the wringer head in the selected index position in the absence of other forces but insufficient to prevent deliberate repositioning of the wringer head in another index position by a push on the wringer, said yielding index being of such dimension and so located relative to the wringer head and support as to be incapable of direct manual manipulation to release or engage the index with its cooperative opening other than the automatic retease or engagement incident to the swinging ot the wringer head on its support to deliberately reposition the same in another index position. a positive index mounted on the wringer head and comprising a positive lock for preventing movement of the wringer head from the selected index position and means biasing the positive lock to the unlocked position, a drive fo-r the wringer, a control for the drive movable to driving and neutral positions, and an interlock having an operative connection between the control and the positive lock forcing movement of the lock to the locking position upon setting of the drive in the driving position and unbloclting the positive lock upon movement of the drive out of the driving position, whereby the positive lock is returned to the unlocked position by its biasing means and does not interfere with the release of the drive.

3. The swinging wringer of claim 2 in which the cooperating parts of the yielding index comprise cam shaped locking faces on the wringer head and support interengaging in the indexing position, and means yieldingly urging the faces together in the indexing position, said faces being inclined at an acute angie, relative to the direction of swinging of the wringer from the indexing position, tending to separate the parts of the yielding index from interengagernent upon swinging of the wringer from the indexing position, and in which the positive lock has tapered surfaces solidly wedging the cooperating parts of the yielding index in the indexed position in the driving but not in the neutral position of the drive.

4. The swinging wringer of claim 2 in which one of the cooperating parts of the yielding index comprises a collar on the wringer support having tapered notches and the other of the cooperating parts comprises a spring arm on the wringer head carrying a locking member engageable with the tapered notches, and the wringer head has a clearance recess permitting movement of the locking member out of the notches upon swinging of the wringer head, and in which the positive lock for the positive index comprises a blocking member associated with the control for the wringer drive and movable into the recess in the driving position to take up the clearance and wedge the locking member into the cooperating notch.

5. The swinging wringer of claim 2 in which one of the cooperating parts of the yielding index comprises a ange on the wringer support having notches with tapered mouths, and the other of the cooperating parts comprises a locking plate on the wringer head having a tapered portion engageable with the mouths of the notches, spring means biasing the plate toward the notches, in which the interlock moves the tapered portion of the locking plate below the notches in the driving position of the control, and in which the positive lock comprises a cam guiding the locking plate and holding it in the notches in the driving position of the control.

6. The swinging wringer of claim 2 in which one of the cooperating parts of the yielding index comprises an index collar on the wringer support having radial peripheral notches and the other of the cooperating parts comprises a locking member on the wringer head movable downward and inward into the notches, and in which thc positive lock comprises a cam on the locking member having surfaces guiding the locking member into the notches upon downward movement in the index position and preventing downward movement when the locking member is out of the index position, and the interlock comprises a cam on the control for the wringer drive moving the locking member downward in the driving position to positively lock the wringer in the index position.

7. The swinging wringer of claim 2 in which the support for the wringer comprises an index collar on the wringer support on which the wringer head swings, and in which the cooperating parts of the yielding index comprise tapered projections and depressions on the collar and on the adjacent part of the wringer head resting on the coilar yieldably positioning the wringer head in index positions, and in which the positive lock comprises a locking member moved in the driving position of the control to a locking position clamping the collar and the adjacent part of the wringer head resting thereon together to hold the wringer head in the index position.

S. The swinging wringer of claim 2 in which the wringer support comprises a wringer post having an index collar and the wringer head is rotatably and slidably journaled on the post and has a part resting on the collar, and in which the cooperating parts of the yielding index comprise cooperating projections and depressions on the collar and on the part of the wringer head resting thereon yieldably positioning the wringer in index positions, said projections and depressions having engaging surfaces inclned at an actute angle along the axis of the wringer post whereby the wringer slides on the wringer post as the projections and depressions are cammed together and apart, and in which the positive lock for the positive index has tapered wedge surfaces engaging in the locking position and positively preventing movement of the wringer out of the indexed position.

9. The swinging wringer of claim 2 in which the frame is articulated to and centered bn the head, and the wringer has a safety release with an operative connection for the safety release actuated by articulation of the frame from its centered position.

10. The swinging wringer of claim 9 in which the op erative connection of the safety release is connected to the drive and actuates the drive to neutral upon actuation of the release.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS D. 126,978 Gerhardt May 6, 1941 554,661 Doolittle Feb. 18, 1896 1,414,551 Col-held May 2, 1922 1,425,514 Eden Aug. 15, 1922 1,450,736 Smith Apr. 3, 1923 1,525,418 Stocking Feb. 3, 1925 1,638,312 Barker Aug. 9, 1927 1,665,263 Hirschy Apr. 10, 1928 1,713,686 Beatty May 21, 1929 1,902,580 Perkins et al Mar. 21, 1933 2,202,777 Kauffman May 28, k1940 2,216,398 Kauffman Oct. l, 1940 2,297,997 Behan Oct. 6, 1942 2,314,708 Kauffman Mar. 23, 1943 2,320,325 Kautman May 25, 1943 2,332,129 Blough Oct. 19, 1943 2,387,086 Moon Oct. 16, 1945 2,388,207 Etten Oct. 30, 1945 2,406,788 Barcus Sept. 3, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS 92,535 Switzerland Jan. 2, 1922 

